Nobody Knows What Will Happen When the Rent Comes Due on April 1

March 30, 2020

From landlords to economists to Wall Street traders, a lot of folks are fretting over what’s going to happen on April 1.

That question is hanging over the U.S. real estate industry as $81 billion in rent payments come due. Renters are warning they won’t pay, prompting property owners to have delicate conversations with their lenders. And regulators are racing to keep the wheels of finance turning in the middle of a global health crisis.

Few in the industry are certain how things will play out. Most agree that laid-off renters and shuttered retailers are suffering and that the pain is going to spread as long as the economy is locked down.

“The hardest thing right now is that nobody actually knows how bad it’s going to get,” said Willy Walker, chief executive officer at commercial real estate lender Walker & Dunlop Inc. “That’s driving everybody crazy.”

After a long economic boom in which tight housing inventory gave apartment landlords unprecedented power to raise rents, the shoe is on the other foot as the calendar turns toward April. Many local governments have placed temporary bans on evictions, and there’s a growing sense that even tenants who can afford to pay will skip rent.

Nobody Knows What Will Happen When the Rent Comes Due on April 1

Apartment owners collect more than $22 billion in rent in a typical month, roughly a quarter of the total landlords take in across major types of commercial property, according to CoStar Group Inc. In an extreme scenario, more than 25% of the households that rent in the U.S. may need help making payments because of the coronavirus, requiring up to $12 billion a month in government support, according to research from Amherst Holdings.

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Residential landlords aren’t the only ones worried. Retail owners have little leverage, since a quarantine is a bad time to find new tenants. Rental debt typically must be paid eventually, but uncertainty about the economic impact from the virus makes it hard to anticipate when people and businesses will be able to make up missed payments.

“If tenants stop paying rent, then at some point landlords can’t pay utilities,” said Scott Rechler, chief executive officer at RXR Realty, a New York-based owner of offices, apartments, and other properties. “The municipalities don’t get their property taxes or mortgages aren’t paid and the banks get a spike in defaulting loans.”

Across credit markets, regulators are racing to prepare for missed rent to turn into late loan payments. The apartment industry alone has more than $1.5 trillion in outstanding debt, said Dave Borsos, vice president of capital markets at the National Multifamily Housing Council. Last week, the Federal Housing Finance Agency said it would allow apartment owners who financed their properties through Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to delay mortgage payments.

Real estate investor Tom Barrack argued in a series of tweets on Saturday that offering forbearance on interest owed by real estate owners and mortgage investors is central to providing relief to U.S. businesses – and that the U.S. Treasury could help stabilize debt markets by purchasing certain commercial mortgage backed securities.

American renters, meanwhile, are making their own calculations. Kansas Wade, a 28-year-old recruiter for tech companies in Austin, sent an anxious email to her landlord after social-distancing efforts cost her girlfriend her job as a hairdresser. Their property manager dismissed a request to reduce or defer part of the monthly $1,400 payment, leaving Wade to worry she’ll have to use her credit card to make rent.

While the stimulus package passed by Congress should eventually put cash in the pockets of consumers and make emergency loans available to small business owners, the economic carnage is still unfolding. Jobless claims are spiking, with economists estimating that 3.3 million Americans filed for unemployment last week.

“I’m less worried about April,” said Bruce McNeilage, CEO of Kinloch Partners, which operates single-family rental homes. “I’m more worried about May 1. Once people miss three or four paychecks, that’s when things get bad.”

— With assistance by Noah Buhayar, and Natalie Wong

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Most families are clamoring for more space. Millennials, the largest demographic cohort, are entering peak child-rearing years and more space is a necessity. Of course, the global pandemic has played a role in shaping housing trends, as well. More people are working from home and need extra space for one, even two, home offices. More than one-third (35%) of workers with jobs that can be done remotely are working from home all the time, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. This is down from 43% in January 2022 and 55% in October 2020 — but up from only 7% before the pandemic. That’s a five-fold increase in people who need – or likely want – more home office space. While many companies are still hoping to bring workers back to the office, the trend seems to have leveled out. Work from home, in one form or another, is now an entrenched part of the working world and it will continue to impact housing decisions for consumers, builders and investors, alike. Even for a family with only two children, a three-bedroom home no longer has the utility needed for the typical family. Many families are caregivers for an aging parent. In fact, according to Pew Research, 23% of US adults are now part of the sandwich generation — people taking care of an aging parent and a child under the age of 18. These people simply want – and need — more bedrooms, whether they are owners or renters. More families are opting to rent today, as well. The typical age to buy a first home has jumped from 33 years old in 2021 to 36 years old today. It is the oldest ever on record for first time buyers, according to the National Association of Realtors. The rising age is a sign that high housing costs and mortgage rates are pushing homeownership out of reach for younger Americans. Mortgage rates have shot up so rapidly that the average monthly payment on a 30-year fixed-rate loan rose by more than $600 in one year, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The CFPB says the average payment for a home purchase loan surged more than 46% — from $1,400 per month to $2,045 — over the 12 months ending December 2022. Likewise, the median total of costs and fees for such mortgages spiked almost 22% to nearly $6,000 in the same period. And with mortgage rates rising to decades-old highs this week, the average monthly payment has almost certainly grown in 2023. This is pushing more people to rentals . Additional Bedrooms Drive up Rental Income, Profits for Builders, Institutional Investors From a business perspective, there is almost no reason for a builder or investor to construct or invest in new three-bedroom homes. If a builder has invested in a lot for $100,000, that is a fixed cost. It is not going to change no matter what they build. A 2,200-square-foot house can be configured with three-, four- or five-bedroom options, so why not go for the configuration that brings a higher profit margin? Won’t an extra bedroom cost more, you ask? 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The confluence of demographics (older renters with young families) along with higher home and mortgage costs are pushing more people into high-end rental homes. One key to success is finding cities with growing populations and desirable amenities. Like any real estate transaction, good schools, youth programs, restaurants and entertainment options are important factors. Once you check those boxes, occupancy falls into place. Our occupancy rates are close to 100%, creating positive cash flow, from a demographic of affluent renters with high credit scores. Finally, we anticipate our five-bedroom rentals will add value significantly faster than three-bedroom homes. Whether we hold these assets for one, five or 10 years, the return on our initial investment will be significantly higher with a five-bedroom SFR rental strategy.  While no real estate investment strategy is fool-proof, four- and five-bedroom homes show great promise over the next several years. 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